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Does Feed Dicalcium Phosphate Contain Water

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Dicalcium phosphate
Ca(HPO4)(H2O)2 from JCS A Curry, N.A.; Jones, D.W. (1971.jpg
Dicalcium phosphate.svg
Names
IUPAC name

calcium hydrogen phosphate
Other names

calcium hydrogen phosphate,
phosphoric acid calcium salt (1:1)
Identifiers

CAS Number
  • 7757-93-9 check Y
  • 7789-77-7 (dihydrate)check Y

3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChemSpider
  • 94606 ☒ N
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.933 Edit this at Wikidata
E number E341(ii) (antioxidants, ...)

PubChem CID

  • 104805
UNII
  • L11K75P92J check Y
  • O7TSZ97GEP (dihydrate)check Y

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

  • DTXSID90872536 Edit this at Wikidata

InChI

  • InChI=1S/Ca.H3O4P.2H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;/h;(H3,1,2,3,4);2*1H2/q+2;;;/p-2☒ N

    Key: XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L☒ N

  • InChI=1/Ca.H3O4P.2H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;/h;(H3,1,2,3,4);2*1H2/q+2;;;/p-2

    Key: XAAHAAMILDNBPS-NUQVWONBAM

SMILES

  • O.O.OP(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2]
Properties

Chemical formula

 CaHPO4
Molar mass 136.06 g/mol (anhydrous)
172.09 (dihydrate)
Appearance white powder
Odor odorless
Density 2.929 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.31 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point decomposes

Solubility in water

 0.02 g/100 mL (anhydrous)
0.02 g/100 mL (dihydrate)
Structure

Crystal structure

 triclinic
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)

1

0

0

Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other anions

 Calcium pyrophosphate

Other cations

 Magnesium phosphate
Monocalcium phosphate
Tricalcium phosphate
Strontium phosphate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

☒ Nverify (what is check Y ☒ N  ?)

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Dicalcium phosphate is the calcium phosphate with the formula CaHPO4 and its dihydrate. The "di" prefix in the common name arises because the formation of the HPO4 2– anion involves the removal of two protons from phosphoric acid, H3PO4. It is also known as dibasic calcium phosphate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate. Dicalcium phosphate is used as a food additive, it is found in some toothpastes as a polishing agent and is a biomaterial.[1] [2]

Preparation [edit]

Dibasic calcium phosphate is produced by the neutralization of calcium hydroxide with phosphoric acid, which precipitates the dihydrate as a solid. At 60 °C the anhydrous form is precipitated:[3]

H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 → CaHPO4 +2H2O

To prevent degradation that would form hydroxyapatite, sodium pyrophosphate or trimagnesium phosphate octahydrate are added when for example, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate is to be used as a polishing agent in toothpaste.[1]

In a continuous process CaCl2 can be treated with (NH4)2HPO4 to form the dihydrate:

CaCl2 + (NH4)2HPO4 → CaHPO4•2H2O + 2NH4Cl

A slurry of the dihydrate is then heated to around 65–70 °C to form anhydrous CaHPO4 as a crystalline precipitate, typically as flat diamondoid crystals, which are suitable for further processing.[4]

Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate is formed in "brushite" calcium phosphate cements (CPC's), which have medical applications. An example of the overall setting reaction in the formation of "β-TCP/MCPM" (β-tricalcium phosphate/monocalcium phosphate) calcium phosphate cements is:[5]

Ca3(PO4)2 + Ca(H2PO4)2•H2O + 7 H2O → 4 CaHPO4•2H2O

Portion of the lattice of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, highlighting the 8-coordinated Ca2+ center and the location the protons on three ligands (green = calcium, red = oxygen, orange = phosphorus, white = hydrogen)

Structure [edit]

Three forms of dicalcium phosphate are known:

  • dihydrate, CaHPO4•2H2O ('DPCD'), the mineral brushite
  • monohydrate, CaHPO4•H2O ('DCPM')
  • anhydrous CaHPO4, ('DCPA'), the mineral monetite. Below pH 4.8 the dihydrate and anhydrous forms of dicalcium phosphate are the most stable (insoluble) of the calcium phosphates.

The structure of the anhydrous and dihydrated forms have been determined by X-ray crystallography and the structure of the monohydrate was determined by electron crystallography. The dihydrate[6] (shown in table above) as well as the monohydrate[7] adopt layered structures.

Uses and occurrence [edit]

Dibasic calcium phosphate is mainly used as a dietary supplement in prepared breakfast cereals, dog treats, enriched flour, and noodle products. It is also used as a tableting agent in some pharmaceutical preparations, including some products meant to eliminate body odor. Dibasic calcium phosphate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements (e.g. Bonexcin). It is used in poultry feed. It is also used in some toothpastes as a tartar control agent.[8]

Heating dicalcium phosphate gives dicalcium diphosphate, a useful polishing agent:

2 CaHPO4 → Ca2P2O7 + H2O

In the dihydrate (brushite) form it is found in some kidney stones and in dental calculi.[9] [3]

See also [edit]

  • Brushite
  • Monocalcium phosphate
  • Tricalcium phosphate

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b Corbridge, D. E. C. (1995). "Phosphates". Phosphorus - an Outline of its Chemistry, Biochemistry and Uses. Studies in Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. 20. pp. 169–305. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-89307-9.50008-8. ISBN9780444893079.
  2. ^ Salinas, Antonio J.; Vallet-Regí, María (2013). "Bioactive ceramics: From bone grafts to tissue engineering". RSC Advances. 3 (28): 11116. Bibcode:2013RSCAd...311116S. doi:10.1039/C3RA00166K.
  3. ^ a b Rey, C.; Combes, C.; Drouet, C.; Grossin, D. (2011). "Bioactive Ceramics: Physical Chemistry". Comprehensive Biomaterials. pp. 187–221. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-055294-1.00178-1. ISBN9780080552941.
  4. ^ Ropp, R.C. (2013). "Group 15 (N, P, As, Sb and Bi) Alkaline Earth Compounds". Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds. pp. 199–350. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-59550-8.00004-1. ISBN9780444595508.
  5. ^ Tamimi, Faleh; Sheikh, Zeeshan; Barralet, Jake (2012). "Dicalcium phosphate cements: Brushite and monetite". Acta Biomaterialia. 8 (2): 474–487. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.08.005. PMID 21856456.
  6. ^ Curry, N. A.; Jones, D. W. (1971). "Crystal structure of brushite, calcium hydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate: A neutron-diffraction investigation". Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical: 3725. doi:10.1039/J19710003725.
  7. ^ Lu, Bing-Qiang; Willhammar, Tom; Sun, Ben-Ben; Hedin, Niklas; Gale, Julian D.; Gebauer, Denis (2020-03-24). "Introducing the crystalline phase of dicalcium phosphate monohydrate". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 1546. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.1546L. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15333-6. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC7093545. PMID 32210234.
  8. ^ Schrödter, Klaus; Bettermann, Gerhard; Staffel, Thomas; Wahl, Friedrich; Klein, Thomas; Hofmann, Thomas (2008). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN978-3527306732. S2CID 94458523.
  9. ^ Pak, Charles Y.C.; Poindexter, John R.; Adams-Huet, Beverley; Pearle, Margaret S. (2003). "Predictive value of kidney stone composition in the detection of metabolic abnormalities". The American Journal of Medicine. 115 (1): 26–32. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00201-8. PMID 12867231.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicalcium_phosphate

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